Carbureter for internal-combustion engines.



E. W. STEVENS.

GARBURETER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 2, 1910. RENEWED SEPT.2B,1912.

057 506 7 Patented Apr. 1, 1913.

ms NORRIS Psxm'zs cm, v'ulsmuamu, D. e.

UNITED STATES PATENT orrron.

ELBRIDGE W. STEVENS, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

CARBURETER FORINTERNAL-COIVIBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. l, 1913.

Application filed June 2, 1910, Serial No. 564,661. Renewed September28, 1912. Serial No. 722,980.

carbureter for internal combustion engines,

' designed to provide for the proper admixture of gasolene and air under varying conditions, to provide for adjustment of the same and also for the adjustment of the inlet feed of gasolene to the reservoir, to prevent the bad effects of jolts on the carbureter float, and to build the carbureter of such standard stock material as to permit it to be very cheaply constructed and yet be exceedingly compact, simple and efiicient. To these ends my invention consists in the novel features of construction and arrangement which I will now proceed to describe with reference to the drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2, a vertical central section. Figs. 3 and t are, respectively, a plan and sectional view of the float feed. Fig. 5 shows details, and Fig. 6 is a sectionalview of a modification of the auxiliary air valve.

In the drawing A represents the mixing chamber which is a straight pipe.

His the reservoir for gasolene which is an annular chamber arranged outside of and concentric with the mixing chamber. It is cup-shaped of spun material with the lower edges drawn inwardly to right angular position to the tube and clamped between an inner ring 9" and an outer subjacent base t, said ring and base being interiorly screw threaded and engaging with an exterior screw thread on the lower end of the tube. A bottom plate p with air inlets-through the same is connected by screws to the lower portion of the base and has a central bearing Z) for a central vertical shaft S extending up into the tube. This shaft is rigidly attached at its upper end to a cone-shaped has a plurality of openings in it correspondin .to similar openings in, the cone-shaped Va ve and partially separating the air space oration with its adjusting members.

below it from the mixing chamber above it. Through the side of the conical valve seat,

however, a largeair intake sleeve L is fixed in acute angular relation to the tube A and which is always open. Within the same is arranged the liquid fuel injection tube G and needle valve DJ The injection tube G is screw threaded exteri-orly and is screwed I permanently into the main tube A of the mixing ehamb'r in an acute angular relation and opens at its lower end into the lower part of the gasolene reservoir B and at its upper end in the sleeve L at a point within the mixing chamber above and within the conical valve casing V. The needle valve D is screw threadedexteriorly at its lower end and the screw threads mesh with screw threads in a connection in the lower wall of the reservoir B and extends to a position exterior to the reservoir for coop- The c'onnection in the wall of the reservoir consists of a headed sleeve (Z whose head is within the reservoir and whose screw threaded end projects through the wall to an exterior position and has a not 6 that clamps the reservoirwall between the nut and the head of the sleeve while a stufiing box 7 is turned onto the stem of the headed sleeve. E isa throttle valve arranged in the upper end of the main tube A between the mixing chamber below and the outlet above to the explosion 'cylinder. This throttle valve is a disk of a diameter corresponding approximately to that of tube A and fixed upon an oscillatory shaft F atright angles to the tube and journaled in the walls of the same.

l The throttle valve E, needle valve D and auxiliary air valve V are connected for simultaneous and conjoint action as follows.

The throttle valve shaft F has outside the tube A a rigidly attached elbow lever G G, one arm G of which is provided with an eye for an operating rod'and the other arm G of which has a series of holes 9 as connecting points at different distances fromthe center, one of which is connected to a bowed connecting rod H. The lower end of the latter isvin turn connected to one of a series of holes 2' in a crank arm I rigidly attached to the outer end of the needle valve D. Another of the holes in the crank arm I is conneeted to a shorten bowed connecting rod J whose inner end is connected to crank arm 82 on the central vertical shaft S of the conical auxiliary air valve V, 'so that the throttle valve is on an axis at right angles to the mixing tube; and the axis of the conical air valve, and the needle valve is on an axis at an acute angle to both and all three are simultaneously worked by one adjustment and the relation of the parts is such that the opening of theneedle valve also opens both the throttle and the auxiliary conical air valve. While this is true, however, the operation of the conical auxiliary air valve involves no variation in the aspirating effect on the needle valve, as the latter is surrounded by a relatively large air inlet sleeve L which is permanently open and invariable in its intake of air.

The extent to which the throttle valve is opened as compared with the needle valve and auxiliary air valve is susceptible of variation to suit special conditions by simply i usting the two bowed connecting rods H and J closer to or farther from the center of the throttle valve crank and needle valve crank.

The gasolene is fed into the reservoir B through an inlet pipe on which connects with an elbow coupling a screwed onto a thimble a in the to 0 of the reservoi This thimble has a va ve seat with a small duct in the bottom which is normally closed by a valve Z having a depending stem Z that connects with andis operated by a lever bearing a float m resting on the surface of the gasolene in he reservoir. When the valve Z is lifted gasolene passes down into the reservoir and when the valve descends it closes the duct and stops the inflow feed of gasolene. To

give this automatic adjustment the float m,

which, as shown,,-is a circular piece of cork, is connected to a spring ring m surround- 1ng the main tube A and forming a lever.

At one side this springring is crimped to? g'ether to form a loop and is fulcr'uined at n .pon the lower pendent ends of a suspended ire support at which is provided with a r=ght angular loop at its upper end that is clamped and secured between the flange-of the valve seat and the cover 0 of the'reservoir, so that as the float m descends about the fulcrum n from the lowering of the oil level, the valve Z rises and opens the duct to admit more gztsoleneflorming an automatic} float feed. It will be seen that the float-m is normally in close proximity and just above the inclined needle valve tube C,-

which forms, a stop to limit its descent so that if a sudden downward jolt is given the carbureter, as frequently happens on an a'utomobilathe float is not allowed, from its inertia, to move downward to an excessive range, but is-arrested by the tube C and this prevents an undue and sudden flooding of gasolene into the carbureter. I also provide means for adjusting the ,feed of the inlet valve Z as follows: In the top of the valve 1 is formed a screw nick w, see Fig. 4c, and on the vertical line of the same, see Fig, 2, a screw-cap 7c is placed in the elbow coupling a which may be removed to admit a small screw driver to the nick in the valve. The stem Z ofthe valve, see Fig. 4, is screw threaded andis' tappedin a screw threaded hole in a short trunnion shaft -Z journaled in the adjacent side m of the crimped and parallel portion of the spring ring frame m of the float. On the lower end of the valve stein Z is rigidly fixed a square block Z which fits between the two sides of the loop m as seen in- Fig. 3. With this arr'ange ment it will be seen that by means of a screw driver the valve Z can be turned to raise or lower it in the trunnion Z and as therigid square block Z turns, the two springing sides of the loop expand to permit the turning of the corners of the block and at every quarter turn the springing sides of the loop snap back again to form a lock that prevents the valve from ever jogglingout of adjustment.

In order to fasten the valve seat V of the auxiliary air valvef in position in a cheap, simple and detachable manner, see 2 and 5, I provide three or more short studs s of peculiar construction". Each has a head .9 of semicircular'shapeof larger diameter than the body part.- These studs are entered through holes in the casingtube A and also through holes in the upper part oftheconical valve seat V. Thehead 's" -k'e eps the stud from passing too far in, andthe fiat diameter of the enlargedisemicircular head fitting under .the cover o'iof the reservoir looks it in place without any other fittings or connections. A ring-u on 'top'of the cover 0 holds the latterdown and a-name plate 6' holds down'the ring. 'The'se parts it will be seen are alljreciprocally locking in effect and no screws, rivets, or solder are required and the parts; are" easily" dismembered and separated'and are interchangeable.

In Figs.- 1 and 2 the auxiliary air valve V' is cone-shapedand positivelyand simultaneously actuated with the needle valve and throttle valve, but I do not confine my imention to the same, but may use a spring seated and suction operated auxiliary air valve, as seen in Fig. 6. In this case a fixed lcen't-ral tube/l is screw threaded exteriorly inthe bottom plate 29 and the needle valve tube G enters the same near the top. A ring nut 6 below the plate 79 secures the tube 4. fixedly in place.- The tube 4 has near the top opposite slots 1, 1, as guides through. which a cotter key 8 passes into and through an inner tube 5. j A spiral sjii'in'g 3 is wound aroundthe outside of tube 4 and bears at its upper end against the key 8 and at its lower end against a disk valve :2 which closes the openings in the bottom plate The disk valve 2 has a'rigidly sleeve 7 which embraces and slides o tube 4 so that whcnan excessive -suction o-c-' bled in a self locking and inexpensive way.

My carbureter has also great flexibility or adaptability to varying conditions. This flexibility in its broadest sense not only embracesthe; powerto furnish a gas of correct proportions to the engine at low, medium and high speed, but the carbureter is also capable of ad'j'ustment'to give these perfect results upon engines vdiffering as to bore,.stroke, load and revolutions per minute, and with the same size of carburetor. Also it is the-law of the gases that as. the speed ofthe engine increases directly, the vacuum in the mixing chamber increases in much greater proportion; therefore, it is obvious that it is not only necessary to open the needle valve as the throttle is opened, but the throttle opening should be advanced in aslightly greater degree-than that of the needle valve, if the proportionso-f fuel and air are to be kept correct, and to do this the ratio of movement of the two must be capable of variation as provided for in my in vention.

I claim:

1. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising a vertical tubular mixing chamber, a float feed, a throttle valve between the mixing chamber and the outlet to the engine cylinder arranged on a hori zontal axistransversely to the mixing chamber, a rotary auxiliary air valve'below the mixing chamber arranged on an vaxis longitudinally to and within the mixing chamber, a needle valve for fuel injectionbetween the two arranged inclinedly and at an acute angle to the axes of both said valves and connections forall three of said valves for operating them with a simultaneous and conjoint action.

2. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, "comprising a vertical tubular mixing chamber, a float feed, a throttle valve between the mixing chamber and theoutlet to-the engine cylinder arranged on a horizontal axis transversely to the mixing chamber, a rotary auxiliary air valve below the mixing chamber arranged on an axis longitudinally to and within the mixing chamber, a needle valve for fuel injection between the two arranged inclinedly and at. an acute angle to the axes of both said valves, and connections for allthree of said valves tor. operating them with a .simultaneous'and con oint act on sa d connections being. provided with means for. varying/the relative throw of each of saidvalves.

3.'A carbureter for internal combustion engines, comprising a vertlcal tubular mixing chamber, afloat feed, a throttlevalve between the mixing chamber and the outlet nections for all three of said valves for op."

erating. them with a simultaneous and conjoint action,said connections being provided with means forvarying the relative throw ofeach of said valves and consisting of cranks on the valve stems having a plurality of holes andtwo connecting rods whose ends are adjustable insaidholes to orfrom the centers of the cranks. I

4. A carbureter for internal combustio engines, comprising a vmixing chamber formed as a straight tube of standard pipe of uniform diameter, an annular concentric reservoir about the same made as .a separate receptacle having its lower edges clamped to the mixing chamber, a float feed therein, a throttle valve at the upper end of the tube, a needle valve arranged inpassing both through the side of the tube "and the side of the reservoir and an auxiliary air inlet valve below the needle valve.

5. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, comprising a mixing chamber formed as a straight tube of standard pipe of uniform diameter, an annular concentric reservoir about "the same made as a separate receptacle having its lower edges clamped to the mixing chamber, .afloat feedtherein,

a throttle valve at the upper ,end of the tube, a needlevalve arranged inclinedly at an acute angle to the tube and passing both through the side of the tube and the side of the reservoir and an auxiliary air inlet valve below the needle valve, all three of said valves being connected-for simultaneous and conjoint action.

6. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising a mixing chamber formed as a straight tube of standard pipe of uniform diameter, an annular concentric -reservoir about the same made as a separate receptacle having its lower edges clamped to the mixing chamber, a float feed therein, a

throttle valve at the upper end of the tube,

a needle valve arranged inclinedly at an acute angle to the tube and passing both through the side of the tube and the side of the reservoir and an auxiliary air inlet valve below the needle valve, all three of said valves being connected for simultaneous and conjoint action, and means for variably adjusting the extent of movement of said valves in relation to each other.

7. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising a straight tubular mixing chamber having a throttle valve at the upper end, a conical valve and valve seat below the mixing chamber having a permanent-ly 0 en air sleeve through the same, and a nee le valve arranged inclinedly to the wall of the mixing chamber and fixed in the same and entering the mixing chamher through the air sleeve.

8. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, comprising a straight tubular mixing chamber having a throttle valve at the upper .end, a conical valve and valve seat below the mixing chamber having a permanently open air sleeve through the same,

and a' needle valve arranged inclinedly to the wall of the mixing chamber and fixed in the same and entering the mixing chamber through the air sleeve and an annular fuel reservoir surrounding the mixing chamber and provided with a float feed.

- with its discharge end uppermost and passing through both the-mixing chamber and the fuel reservoir and provided on the outside with a crank arm and a rod directly connecting said crank arms around the concentric fuel reservoir.

10. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, comprising a mixing chamber constructed as a straight tube having an annular concentric fuel reservoir with autowith a crank arm having a series of adjust ing points at different distances from the center and a rod directly connecting said crank arms around the concentric fuel reservoir.

"11. A carbureter for internal combustion engine-s, comprising a straighttubular mixing chamber with concentric annular fuel reservoir, an air valve with valve seat in the mixing chamber and means for holding the valve seatin the mixing chamber, consisting of a plurality of headed studs passing-through the mixing chamber and valve seat, a detachable cover for the fuel reser- Voir locking against the heads of the studs and a ring engaging the tubular mixing chamber and locking down the removable cover of the fuel reservoir.

v 12. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, comprising a mixing chamber, a throttle valve'between the mixing chamber and the outlet to the engine, a fuel injection needle valve opening into the mixing chamber and entering the same at theside thereof and provided with an air inlet surrounding said needle valve, and an auxiliary air \valve' below the needle valve outlet made .in conical shape and forming the bottom of the mixing chamber, the needle valve with surrounding air inlet being in the side of the conical auxiliary air valve.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ELBRIDGE W. STEVENS; lVitnesses SoLoN C. KEMoN, J. MIDDLETON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner, of Patents,

Washington. D. 0. 

